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Overview
Child abuse
Any intentional harm or mistreatment to a child under 18 years old is considered child abuse. Child abuse takes many forms, which often occur at the same time.
- Physical abuse
- Sexual abuse
- Emotional abuse
- Medical abuse
- Neglect
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Written by: Mayo Clinic Staff
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Visit Mayo Clinic to Learn MoreSymptoms
Child abuse
A child who's being abused may feel guilty, ashamed or confused. The child may be afraid to tell anyone about the abuse, especially if the abuser is a parent, other relative or family friend. That's why it's vital to watch for red flags.
- Withdrawal from friends or usual activities
- Changes in behavior — such as aggression, anger, hostility or hyperactivity — or changes in school performance
- Depression, anxiety or unusual fears, or a sudden loss of self-confidence
- Sleep problems and nightmares
- An apparent lack of supervision
- Frequent absences from school
- Rebellious or defiant behavior
- Self-harm or attempts at suicide
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Written by: Mayo Clinic Staff
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Visit Mayo Clinic to Learn MorePrevention
Child abuse
You can take important steps to protect your child from exploitation and child abuse, as well as prevent child abuse in your neighborhood or community. The goal is to provide safe, stable, nurturing relationships for children.
- Offer your child love and attention
- Don't respond in anger
- Think supervision
- Know your child's caregivers
- Emphasize when to say no
- Teach your child how to stay safe online
- Reach out
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Written by: Mayo Clinic Staff
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Visit Mayo Clinic to Learn MoreIf you’re concerned that your child or another child has been abused, seek help immediately. Depending on the situation, contact the child’s health care provider, a local child welfare agency, the police department or a 24-hour hotline for advice. In the United States, you can get information and assistance by calling or texting the:
Childhelp National Child Abuse Hotline at 1-800-422-4453.
If the child needs immediate medical attention, call 911 or your local emergency number.
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